Column size for 10m span and Column design Thumb rule, size of column depend on total load applied on the column, alignment of column and span between two column, in this topic we try to find out column size for 10m span.
The size of the columns depends on the total load on the columns. There are axial loads and lateral loads.
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Column size depends on various factors like number of floors, span between two column, is it short or slender, For 10m span 1 storey/single floor/ground floor/G+0 residential building, it could be 300mmx300mm (12″×12″), for G+1 it could be 400mmx 450mm (16″×18″), for G+2 it could be 450mmx 600mm (15″×24″),for G+3 it could be 600mmx 600mm (24″×24″) and for G+4 it could be 600mmx 750mm (24″×30″) using M25 grade of concrete ratio 1:1:2 with Fe550 grade of steel when a tributary area 30m×30m and span between each column is 10m consists of 16 column.
IS 456:2000 recommendation for designing of column
1) minimum clear cover for column 40mm is provided, if size of column is less than 200mm then clear cover is 25mm is provided.
2) minimum diameter of bar 4 nos of 12mm should be taken
3) minimum area of Steel =0.8%of Ag
Maximum area of Steel=6%of Ag ( Steel should not overlap) 4%of Ag if steel is overlap
4) maximum spacing between two longitudes renforcement shall not greater than 300 mm
5) minimum dia of Stirrup 1/4×16 greater
6) maximum spacing of stirrup 16D, B and 300mm which ever is minimum.
Column size for 10m span for 1 storey/single floor/Ground floor/G+0 residential building:-
1) Calculating column size for 10m span for 1 storey/single floor/ground floor/G+0 residential building, we have given number of floor=1, slab span= 30m ×30m, total number of column = 16, fy=550N/mm2, fck=25N/mm2, thumb rule load=20kN/m2, gross area Ag =100%, steel area Asc =1%ofAg =0.01Ag and concrete area Ac =99%of Ag =0.99Ag.
Load = 1×20kN/m2 ×30m×30m = 18000kN,
Load acting on each column=18000kN/16=1125kN, consider 10% increasing load on each column for safety factor, 10% of 1125 =112kN, so total axial load acting on each column=1125+112= 1237kN, putting this value in in formula,
Pu=0.4fck.Ac + 0.67fy.Asc,
1237kN=0.4 ×25×0.99Ag + 0.67×550×0.01Ag
1237×10^3 = 9.9Ag +3.685Ag
1237×10^3 = 13.59Ag
Ag (Gross area=1237×10^3/13.59=91022mm2,
Suppose we square column, so area of square =a2, hence a2 = 91022mm2, a=√91022mm2=301mm, width and depth of column =301mm×301mm, taking in round figure=300mm×300mm(12″×12″).
According to column design and Thumb Rule, minimum column size for 10m span is 300mm×300mm (12″×12″) for 1 storey/single floor/ground floor/(G+0) residential building using M25 grade of concrete ratio (1:1:2) with Fe550 grade of steel when axial load 1237kN is applied on each column.
Column size for 10m span for 2 storey/two floor/G+1 residential building:-
2) Calculating column size for 10m span for 2 storey/two floor//G+1 residential building, we have given number of floor=2, slab span= 30m ×30m, total number of column = 16, fy=550N/mm2, fck=25N/mm2, thumb rule load=20kN/m2, gross area Ag =100%, steel area Asc =1%ofAg =0.01Ag and concrete area Ac =99%of Ag =0.99Ag.
Load = 2×20kN/m2 ×30m×30m = 36000kN,
Load acting on each column=36000kN/16=2250kN, consider 10% increasing load on each column for safety factor, 10% of 2250 =225kN, so total axial load acting on each column=2250+225= 2475kN, putting this value in in formula,
Pu=0.4fck.Ac + 0.67fy.Asc,
2475kN=0.4 ×25×0.99Ag + 0.67×550×0.01Ag
2475×10^3 = 9.9Ag +3.685Ag
2475×10^3 = 13.59Ag
Ag (Gross area=2475×10^3/13.59=182119mm2,
Suppose we square column, so area of square =a2, hence a2 = 182119mm2, a=√182119mm2=427mm, width and depth of column =427mm×427mm, taking in round figure=400mm×450mm(16″×18″).
According to column design and Thumb Rule, minimum column size for 10m span is 400mm×450mm (16″×18″) for 2 storey/two floor/(G+1) residential building using M25 grade of concrete ratio (1:1:2) with Fe550 grade of steel when axial load 2475kN is applied on each column.
Column size for 10m span for 3 storey/three floor/G+2 residential building:-
3) Calculating column size for 10m span for 3 storey/three floor//G+2 residential building, we have given number of floor=3, slab span= 30m ×30m, total number of column = 16, fy=550N/mm2, fck=25N/mm2, thumb rule load=20kN/m2, gross area Ag =100%, steel area Asc =1%ofAg =0.01Ag and concrete area Ac =99%of Ag =0.99Ag.
Load = 3×20kN/m2 ×30m×30m = 54000kN,
Load acting on each column=54000kN/16=3375kN, consider 10% increasing load on each column for safety factor, 10% of 3375 =337kN, so total axial load acting on each column=3375+337= 3712kN, putting this value in in formula,
Pu=0.4fck.Ac + 0.67fy.Asc,
3712kN=0.4 ×25×0.99Ag + 0.67×550×0.01Ag
3712×10^3 = 9.9Ag +3.685Ag
3712×10^3 = 13.59Ag
Ag (Gross area=3712×10^3/13.59=273142mm2,
Suppose we square column, so area of square =a2, hence a2 = 273142mm2, a=√273142mm2=523mm, width and depth of column =523mm×523mm, taking in round figure=450mm×600mm(15″×24″).
According to column design and Thumb Rule, minimum column size for 10m span is 450mm×600mm (15″×24″) for 3 storey/three floor/(G+2) residential building using M25 grade of concrete ratio (1:1:2) with Fe550 grade of steel when axial load 3712kN is applied on each column.
Column size for 10m span for 4 storey/four floor/G+3 residential building:-
4) Calculating column size for 10m span for 4 storey/four floor//G+3 residential building, we have given number of floor=4, slab span= 30m ×30m, total number of column = 16, fy=550N/mm2, fck=25N/mm2, thumb rule load=20kN/m2, gross area Ag =100%, steel area Asc =1%ofAg =0.01Ag and concrete area Ac =99%of Ag =0.99Ag.
Load = 4×20kN/m2 ×30m×30m = 72000kN,
Load acting on each column=72000kN/16=4500kN, consider 10% increasing load on each column for safety factor, 10% of 4500 =450kN, so total axial load acting on each column=4500+450= 4950kN, putting this value in in formula,
Pu=0.4fck.Ac + 0.67fy.Asc,
4950kN=0.4 ×25×0.99Ag + 0.67×550×0.01Ag
4950×10^3 = 9.9Ag +3.685Ag
4950×10^3 = 13.59Ag
Ag (Gross area=4950×10^3/13.59=364238mm2,
Suppose we square column, so area of square =a2, hence a2 = 364238mm2, a=√364238mm2=603mm, width and depth of column =603mm×603mm, taking in round figure=600mm×600mm(24″×24″).
According to column design and Thumb Rule, minimum column size for 10m span is 600mm×600mm (24″×24″) for 4 storey/four floor/(G+3) residential building using M25 grade of concrete ratio (1:1:2) with Fe550 grade of steel when axial load 4950kN is applied on each column.
Column size for 10m span for 5 storey/five floor/G+4 residential building:-
5) Calculating column size for 10m span for 5 storey/five floor//G+4 residential building, we have given number of floor=5, slab span= 30m ×30m, total number of column = 16, fy=550N/mm2, fck=25N/mm2, thumb rule load=20kN/m2, gross area Ag =100%, steel area Asc =1%ofAg =0.01Ag and concrete area Ac =99%of Ag =0.99Ag.
Load = 5×20kN/m2 ×30m×30m = 90000kN,
Load acting on each column=90000kN/16=5625kN, consider 10% increasing load on each column for safety factor, 10% of 5625 =562kN, so total axial load acting on each column=5625+562= 6187kN, putting this value in in formula,
Pu=0.4fck.Ac + 0.67fy.Asc,
6187kN=0.4 ×25×0.99Ag + 0.67×550×0.01Ag
6187×10^3 = 9.9Ag +3.685Ag
6187×10^3 = 13.59Ag
Ag (Gross area=6187×10^3/13.59=455261mm2,
Suppose we square column, so area of square =a2, hence a2 = 455261mm2, a=√455261mm2=675mm, width and depth of column =675mm×675mm, taking in round figure=600mm×750mm(24″×30″).
According to column design and Thumb Rule, minimum column size for 10m span is 600mm×750mm (24″×30″) for 5 storey/five floor/(G+4) residential building using M25 grade of concrete ratio (1:1:2) with Fe550 grade of steel when axial load 6187kN is applied on each column.