The exact amount of sand and gravel in a yard of concrete can vary depending on the specific mix design, but a typical concrete mix consists of about 60-75% aggregates (such as sand and gravel) by volume. This means that in a cubic yard of concrete, you might have approximately 0.6 to 0.75 cubic yards of aggregates. The rest of the volume is filled with cement, water, and air. The exact proportions will depend on the specific concrete mix design being used.
Concrete is mixture of cement, sand, gravel and water with some admixture in the required proportion, generally used for various concreting structure such as shed base, Patio, sidewalk, concrete road, slab, floor slab, column, beam and heavy structure bridge, dam, pool and also used in residential industrial commercial building.
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1)what is concrete and its types and properties
When we prepare ready mix concrete at construction site, you have require gravel (coarse aggregate), fine aggregate (sand), Portland cement and water. We buy different ingredients of concrete from different place that’s have air voids and pore between the particles which is about total 54%. First let us understand about dry and wet volume of concrete.
Dry volume of concrete is mixture of cement, sand and aggregate without water in dry condition & wet volume of concrete is mixture of cement, sand and aggregate with water in wet condition.
When different dry ingredients of concrete like cement, sand and gravel mix by adding water, then their volume is decrease by 54% due to evaporation of air voids and filling of pores present in coarse aggregate and sand and cement.
It means if we have to caste concrete slab of 1 cubic yard size (which is wet volume of concrete) you have to buy and require dry ingredient of concrete cement, sand and gravel of about 1.54 cubic yard. Generally 1 yard of cured concrete weight around 4050 pounds which is approximately equal as 150 pounds per cubic foot.
How much sand and gravel in a yard of concrete
Actual quantity of cement sand and gravel need for one yard of concrete calculated on the basis of design mix but in this calculation we calculate quantity of concrete ingredients according to nominal mix.
A standard mix for concrete is 1 part cement to 2 parts sand to 3 parts gravel (1:2:3) by volume to achieve enough strength of about 3000 psi which is ideal for your Patio, sidewalk and slab. Enough water should be added to make good workable paste which is about 0.5 parts to cement, so ideal water cement ratio is 0.5.
You can measures different ingredients of concrete with the help of either bucket, volume as sack or shovels full, it means 1 bucket of cement mix with 2 buckets of sand and 3 buckets of gravel.
How to calculate quantity of cement, sand and gravel in a cubic yard of concrete
● calculate dry volume = wet volume × 1.54 cubic yards:- you have given 1 cubic yard of concrete, this is wet volume of cured concrete, you need to convert wet volume into dry volume by multiply a factor 1.54 in wet volume of concrete such as dry volume = 1 × 1.54 = 1.54, it means you need to by 1.54 cubic yards of dry ingredient of Portland cement, sand and gravel.
● sum of concrete mix such as 1+2+3 = 6:- add all the concrete mix ratio 1+2+3 = 6, it means you need 1/6 parts of cement, 2/6 parts sand and 3/6 parts gravel by volume.
● calculate quantity of cement as 1/6× (1.54 × 27 cu ft) × 94 lb/ft^3 = 652 pounds, you need to convert 1.54 cubic yard into cubic feet by multiply 27 and taking cement density as 94 lb per cubic foot. Generally portland cement of one bag available in 94 lb of approximately 1 cubic foot, so number of bags of cement such as 652/94 = 6.93, therefore you will need 7 bags or nearly 7 CF of Portland cement to make 1 yard of cured concrete.
● calculate quantity of sand as 2/6 × 1.54 = 0.513 yards, so you will need approximately 1/2 yards (13.5 CF or 1350 pounds) of sand to make 1 yard of cured concrete.
● calculate quantity of gravel as 3/6 × 1.54 = 0.77 yards, so you will need approximately 3/4 yards (21 CF or 2100 pounds) of gravel to make 1 yard of cured concrete.
● calculate quantity of water from water cement ratio, 652 lb of cement equal to 296 kg, so you will need approximately 150 litres of water such as 0.5 of 296 = 148 litres.
Regarding this, “how much sand and gravel in a yard of concrete?”, generally it takes approximately 7 bags of Portland cement of 94lb, 1/2 yard of sand, 3/4 yard of gravel and 150 litres of water to make approximately 1 cubic yard of cured concrete by using standard mix of 1 part of cement to 2 parts of sand to 3 parts of gravel to gain enough strength of 3000 psi which is ideal for slab, patio, shed base, sidewalk and etc.
How much sand and gravel do I need for a yard of concrete
One may ask, “how much sand and gravel do I need for a yard of concrete?”, generally you will need about 4050 pounds of dry materials or in separate 7 bags of Portland cement of 94lb, 1/2 yard of sand, 3/4 yard of gravel and 150 litres of water to make approximately 1 cubic yard of cured concrete by using standard mix of 1 part of cement to 2 parts of sand to 3 parts of gravel to gain enough strength of 3000 psi which is ideal for slab, patio, shed base, sidewalk and etc.
How many bags of Portland cement do i need
Regarding this, “how many bags of Portland cement do i need?”, generally you will need 7 bags of 94lb Portland cement to make one cubic yard of concrete by using standard mix of 1 part of cement to 2 parts of sand to 3 parts of gravel to gain enough strength of 3000 psi.
How many bags of sand do i need
Regarding this, “how many bags of sand do i need?”, generally you will need 27 bags of 50lb, 23 bags of 60lb, or 34bags of 40lb sand to make one cubic yard of concrete by using standard mix of 1 part of cement to 2 parts of sand to 3 parts of gravel to gain enough strength of 3000 psi.
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How much sand and gravel for one bag of cement?
In United State, 1 bag of Portland cement is approximately give us 1 cubic foot volume, in this regard, “how much sand and gravel for one bag of cement?”, by using standard mix of 1 part of cement to 2 parts of sand to 3 parts of gravel, generally you will need 2 cubic feet (nearly 200lb) of sand and 3 cubic feet (nearly 330lb) of gravel per bag of cement for preparing concrete mix.
How much cement to a yard of gravel?
Regarding this, “how much cement to a yard of gravel?”, the most commonly used proportions for making good concrete is 3:2:1 such as 3 parts of gravel to 2 parts sand to 1 part cement, so mixing of 3 parts of 1 yard or 27 cubic feet of gravel to 1 part of cement, you will need 9 cubic feet of cement, as one bag of portland cement yields 1 CF, so 9 bags of Portland cement to a cubic yard of gravel. So you need to mix 9 bags of cement with 18 cubic feet (2/3 yard) of sand and 1 yard of gravel to produce 3000 psi concrete.
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Therefore a mix using 1 cubic yard of gravel should require 9 bags of Portland cement and about 2/3 cubic yards (18 CF) of sand to produce 3,000 psi concrete.
How much cement to a yard of sand?
Regarding this, “how much cement to a yard of sand?”, the most commonly used proportions for making good concrete is 3:2:1 such as 3 parts of gravel to 2 parts sand to 1 part cement, so mixing of 2 parts of 1 yard or 27 cubic feet of sand to 1 part of cement, you will need 13.5 cubic feet of cement, as one bag of portland cement yields 1 CF, so nearly 14 bags of Portland cement to a cubic yard of sand. So you need to mix 14 bags of cement with 1 cubic yard (27 CF) of sand and 3/2 yard of gravel to produce 3000 psi concrete.
Therefore a mix using 1 cubic yard of sand should require 14 bags of Portland cement and about 3/2 cubic yards (40.5 CF) of gravel to produce 3,000 psi concrete.